commit 1e96c4e5ee3ce1c0de8a0143345d334b0ef62f07 Author: Peter Leurs Date: Sat Dec 21 22:55:27 2024 +0100 initial commit diff --git a/LICENSE b/LICENSE new file mode 100644 index 0000000..be3f7b2 --- /dev/null +++ b/LICENSE @@ -0,0 +1,661 @@ + GNU AFFERO GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE + Version 3, 19 November 2007 + + Copyright (C) 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. + Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies + of this license document, but changing it is not allowed. + + Preamble + + The GNU Affero General Public License is a free, copyleft license for +software and other kinds of works, specifically designed to ensure +cooperation with the community in the case of network server software. + + The licenses for most software and other practical works are designed +to take away your freedom to share and change the works. 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If not, see . + +Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail. + + If your software can interact with users remotely through a computer +network, you should also make sure that it provides a way for users to +get its source. For example, if your program is a web application, its +interface could display a "Source" link that leads users to an archive +of the code. There are many ways you could offer source, and different +solutions will be better for different programs; see section 13 for the +specific requirements. + + You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or school, +if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if necessary. +For more information on this, and how to apply and follow the GNU AGPL, see +. diff --git a/README.md b/README.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..5775c2a --- /dev/null +++ b/README.md @@ -0,0 +1,72 @@ +# Backup Manager + +IMPORTANT: Backup manager is a work in progress and not all advertised features +work. Especially no monitoring has been implemented so you will not know if a +backup might fail which might be dangerous! + +## what it does + +Backup manager will allow you to manage restic backup repositories. + +Before you can backup to a restic repository, the repository will need to +be initialized. After taking backups, the repository needs to be maintained: + +- Old backups need to be deleted + +- Backups need to be pruned so diskspace will be freed + +- Backups might need to be verified so we are sure the backups are ok + +- Backups need to be monitor'ed so we are sure that they are taken + +- Backups need to be copied so they are not just stored on one location + + +Backup manager is a ppm-based script that will take care of the above points. +It will be ran daily in cron and will do the following steps: + +- Verify that it can login into each and every repository in the configuration file + +It will fail at this point if a repository is unavailable, outputting the +shell command to execute if a repository just wasn't initialized yet + +- Verify that all polynomials of the backups are the same. + +This program is made to copy backups from one repository to another. This basically +requires repositories to have the same polynomial settings in order to work optimally. + +Backup manager will refuse to continue if the polynomials are incorrect. + +- Check the backup snapshots + +Backup manager will test that all hosts are properly configured in it's configuration file. +Ensure the hosts are properly configured. + +- Copy backups + +If 2 repositories have the same host assigned, backup manager will make sure both of them have the latest +backup for that host present. If the newest backup on both repositories are not the same, it will copy +the newest version to the other repository + +- Verify backups + +If repository verification is turned on, the repository is verified to ensure it is sound. +A status file is kept - if we know the repository is in good state, we will check 5% of the repository +at most every 12 hours. If we don't know the repository is in good state from the status file, a full check +will be performed, so we are certain the backups are valid + + +- Cleaning out old backups + +We use the status file to run this only once every 15 days: we will forget all old snapshots +according to the configuration file, and prune all files if more then 10% is stale. + + +## Configuration + +To configure it, ensure the ppm configuration file is filled in. The configuration definition +can be read in appinfo.yml (This is still a todo to let ppm generate the documentation file for this config) + + + + diff --git a/appinfo.yml b/appinfo.yml new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6eb491a --- /dev/null +++ b/appinfo.yml @@ -0,0 +1,74 @@ +mainunit: backup-manager.timer +mainunitfile: backup-manager.timer.j2 +templatefiles: + - src: backup-manager.service.j2 + dest: ~/.config/systemd/user/backup-manager.service + - src: backupmanager.j2 + dest: ~/backupmanager + mode: "0755" +backuptype: none +configdefinition: + "$id": "backup manager config" + "$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-07/schema#" + description: backup-manager configuration + type: object + additionalProperties: false + properties: + default_cleanup_parameters: + type: string + default: "--keep-last 5 --keep-hourly 24 --keep-daily 5 --group-by host" + description: The default cleanup parameters when they have not been specified + repos: + type: array + description: All repos that will be kept in sync. + items: + type: object + additionalProperties: false + properties: + name: + type: string + description: Name of the repository. Used for display purposes but also for the status file + url: + type: string + description: The url for the repository + key: + type: string + description: The encryption key for the repository + hosts: + type: array + description: The list of hostnames that are and should be on this repository + items: + type: string + description: Hostname + minItems: 1 + cleanup_parameters: + type: string + description: The cleanup parameters used for this repository. Defaults to default_cleanup_parameters when not specified + check_repo: + type: boolean + default: false + description: Whether we need to perform a check on the repository + required: + - url + - key + - hosts + - name + hosts: + type: object + description: Settings per host being backed up + default: {} + additionalProperties: + type: object + additionalProperties: false + properties: + idle: + type: boolean + default: false + description: An idle repository will never give warnings that there are no recent backups + timeout: + type: integer + # note that the default is also in the python code - in case the host isn't filled in + default: 10 + description: Repositories where the latest backup is older then timeout days will give a warning that there are no recent backups + required: + - repos diff --git a/backup-manager.service.j2 b/backup-manager.service.j2 new file mode 100644 index 0000000..a25f37e --- /dev/null +++ b/backup-manager.service.j2 @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ +[Unit] +Description=Backup Service + +[Service] +Type=oneshot +ExecStart={{ homedir }}/backupmanager + + diff --git a/backup-manager.timer.j2 b/backup-manager.timer.j2 new file mode 100644 index 0000000..cd9b9e5 --- /dev/null +++ b/backup-manager.timer.j2 @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +[Unit] +Description=Sync backups + +[Timer] +OnCalendar=*-*-* 10:00:00 +RandomizedDelaySec=3h +Persistent=true + +[Install] +WantedBy=timers.target + diff --git a/backupmanager.j2 b/backupmanager.j2 new file mode 100644 index 0000000..dcc41ed --- /dev/null +++ b/backupmanager.j2 @@ -0,0 +1,272 @@ +#!/usr/bin/python3 + +#### Config +repos = [] +{% for r in config.repos %} +_hosts=[] +{% for h in r.hosts %} +_hosts.append("{{ h }}") +{% endfor %} +repos.append({ + "name": "{{ r.name }}", + "url": "{{ r.url }}", + "key": "{{ r.key }}", + "hosts": _hosts, + "cleanup_parameters": "{{ r.cleanup_parameters | default(config.default_cleanup_parameters) }}", + "check_repo": {% if r.check_repo %}True{% else %}False{% endif %}, +}) +{% endfor %} + +{% macro to_python(d) %}{ +{% for key, value in d.items() %} +"{{ key }}": {% if value is boolean %}{% if value %}True{% else %}False{% endif %}{% elif value is mapping %}{{ to_python(value) }}{% else %}{{ value | tojson }}{% endif %}, +{% endfor %} +} +{% endmacro %} + +hosts = {{ to_python(config.hosts) }} +#### End config + +import subprocess +import os +import sys +import json +import datetime +import time + +import fcntl + +lockfd = open("{{ homedir }}/.backupmanager.lock", "w") +try: + fcntl.flock(lockfd, fcntl.LOCK_EX | fcntl.LOCK_NB) +except BlockingIOError: + print("Another instance is running.") + sys.exit(1) + +def run_command(command, env=None): + current_env = os.environ.copy() + if env is not None: + current_env.update(env) + process = subprocess.run(command, shell=True, env=current_env) + if process.returncode != 0: + raise RuntimeError(f"Command '{command}' failed with return code {process.returncode}, environment is {env}") + +def get_command(command, env=None, full_return=False): + current_env = os.environ.copy() + if env is not None: + current_env.update(env) + process = subprocess.Popen(command, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE, shell=True, env=current_env) + output, error = process.communicate() + return_code = process.poll() + if full_return: + return output.decode().strip(), error.decode().strip(), return_code + if error: + print(error.decode().strip(), file=sys.stderr) + if return_code != 0: + raise RuntimeError(f"Command '{command}' failed with return code {return_code}, environment is {env}") + return output.decode() + +def get_snapshot_info(repo): + e = {} + e["RESTIC_REPOSITORY"]=repo["url"] + e["RESTIC_PASSWORD"]=repo["key"] + data = get_command(f"restic snapshots --json", env=e) + return json.loads(data) + + +# Define the path to the JSON file +STATUS_FILE = "{{ homedir }}/status.json" + +def get_status(name): + if not os.path.exists(STATUS_FILE): + return False + with open(STATUS_FILE, 'r') as file: + try: + statuses = json.load(file) + except json.JSONDecodeError: + return False # Return False if the file is empty or corrupted + return statuses.get(name, False) + +def set_status(name, value): + statuses = {} + if os.path.exists(STATUS_FILE): + with open(STATUS_FILE, 'r') as file: + try: + statuses = json.load(file) + except json.JSONDecodeError: + pass # Ignore errors and start with an empty dictionary + statuses[name] = value + with open(STATUS_FILE, 'w') as file: + json.dump(statuses, file, indent=4) + + +# Check that we can open the repositories properly +repos_in_error=[] +repos_ok=[] +polynomial="" +polynomial_ok=True +for r in repos: + print(f"Checking repo {r['name']}") + output,error,rc = get_command("restic cat config --json",{"RESTIC_REPOSITORY": r['url'],"RESTIC_PASSWORD": r['key'] }, full_return=True) + if rc!=0: + repos_in_error.append(r) + else: + repoconfig=json.loads(output) + if polynomial=="": + polynomial=repoconfig["chunker_polynomial"] + else: + if polynomial!=repoconfig["chunker_polynomial"]: + polynomial_ok=False + repos_ok.append({"repo":r,"config":repoconfig}) + +if len(repos_ok)==0: + print("None of the repositories can be accessed. At least one must be reachable for me to output repository init commands") + sys.exit(1) + +if polynomial_ok==False: + print("Not all repositories have the same chunker polynomial configured. This can ONLY be configured when the repository is first created. Please delete the repositories you can rebuild...") + for r in repos_ok: + print(f"Repo: {r['repo']['url']} polynomial: {r['config']['chunker_polynomial']}") + sys.exit(1) + +if len(repos_in_error)!=0: + print("Could not open all repositories. Check that they are accessible and that the passwords are correct. If they are not yet initialized, use the following commands:") + repo_from=repos_ok[0]['repo'] + for r in repos_in_error: + print() + print(f"RESTIC_PASSWORD={r['key']} RESTIC_FROM_PASSWORD={repo_from['key']} restic init --copy-chunker-params=true --from-repo {repo_from['url']} -r {r['url']}") + sys.exit(1) + + +for r in repos: + print(f"Getting snapshot list for repo {r['name']}") + r['snapshots'] = get_snapshot_info(r) + +# Verify that we have the correct backups stored +allhosts = set() +hostsok = True +for r in repos: + wronghosts = set() + allhosts.update(r['hosts']) + for s in r['snapshots']: + if s['hostname'] not in r['hosts']: + wronghosts.update(s['hostname']) + if wronghosts: + print(f"The repository {r['name']} contains backups for unknown hosts {wronghosts}, either delete the backups, or add the hosts to the list") + hostsok = False +if not hostsok: + print("Host information not ok, aborting") + sys.exit(1) + +for host in allhosts: + print(f"Syncing hostname {host}") + most_recent_backup_ts = 0 + most_recent_backup_str = "" + most_recent_backup_on = {} + most_recent_backup_id = "" + for r in repos: + for s in r['snapshots']: + if s['hostname']!=host: + continue + time_string = s["time"] + # Python does not accept a : in the timezone, yet go's code places it. Fix this... + # time_string = time_string[:-6] + time_string[-6:].replace(":","") + # Python only accepts 6 digits in the fractals for the seconds.... + frac_seconds_str = time_string.split('.')[-1].rstrip('Z') + frac_seconds_len = len(frac_seconds_str) + # Truncate or pad the fractional seconds string as needed + if frac_seconds_len >= 4: + frac_seconds_str = frac_seconds_str[:4] + time_string = time_string[:-frac_seconds_len] + frac_seconds_str + 'Z' + unix_time = datetime.datetime.strptime(time_string, "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S.%f%z").timestamp() + + if unix_time>most_recent_backup_ts: + most_recent_backup_ts = unix_time + most_recent_backup_str = s["time"] + most_recent_backup_on = r + most_recent_backup_id = s['id'] + if most_recent_backup_ts == 0: + print(f"WARNING: There are no backups for {host}") + continue + + # We now know the most recent backup. See if a backup is present on all targets that carry this hostname. + have_a_copy=False + for r in repos: + if host not in r['hosts']: + continue + if r['url']==most_recent_backup_on['url']: + continue + have_a_copy = True + copy_exists = False + for s in r['snapshots']: + if s['time']==most_recent_backup_str: + copy_exists = True + if copy_exists: + continue + + # Copy! + print(f"Copying backup {most_recent_backup_id} from {most_recent_backup_on['name']} to {r['name']}") + e = {} + e["RESTIC_REPOSITORY"]=r["url"] + e["RESTIC_PASSWORD"]=r["key"] + e["RESTIC_FROM_REPOSITORY"]=most_recent_backup_on["url"] + e["RESTIC_FROM_PASSWORD"]=most_recent_backup_on["key"] + run_command(f"restic copy {most_recent_backup_id}", env=e) + + idle = False + timeout = 10 + if host in hosts: + idle = hosts[host]["idle"] + timeout = hosts[host]["timeout"] + if not idle: + if not have_a_copy: + print(f"WARNING: We do not have a copy for {host}") + if most_recent_backup_ts < time.time()-(timeout*24*3600): + print(f"WARNING: Last backup for {host} is too old") + +for r in repos: + e = {} + e["RESTIC_REPOSITORY"]=r["url"] + e["RESTIC_PASSWORD"]=r["key"] + + name = "repo_check_" + r["name"] + name2 = "repo_check_ok_" + r["name"] + + if r["check_repo"]: + current_time = int(time.time()) # Get the current Unix timestamp + last_execution_time = get_status(name) + + # only check once every 12h. If it is ok, we check 5%, so on average it takes 20 days + # to read the entire repo if we are extreamly lucky with the random. But scanning 100% + # is very expensive, so we don't do it, unless we are not sure it is all ok. + # So always scan 100% unless we know it is ok already from a previous scan. + # if a scan fails, we reset the ok flag before scanning, so next time it will be back 100% + if last_execution_time is False or (current_time - last_execution_time) > (12 * 60 * 60): + repo_ok = get_status(name2) + set_status(name2, False) + if repo_ok: + print(f"Checking random part of the backups for repo {r['name']}....") + run_command(f"restic check --read-data-subset=5%", env=e) + else: + print(f"Checking full backup of the backups for repo {r['name']}....") + run_command("restic check", env=e) + set_status(name2, True) + set_status(name, current_time) + +for r in repos: + e = {} + e["RESTIC_REPOSITORY"]=r["url"] + e["RESTIC_PASSWORD"]=r["key"] + name = "repo_purge_" + r["name"] + + current_time = int(time.time()) # Get the current Unix timestamp + last_execution_time = get_status(name) + + if last_execution_time is False or (current_time - last_execution_time) > (15 * 24 * 60 * 60): + print(f"forgetting old backups for repo {r['name']}....") + run_command(f"restic forget {r['cleanup_parameters']}", env=e) + + print(f"Pruning old backups for repo {r['name']}....") + run_command("restic prune --max-unused 10%", env=e) + + set_status(name, current_time)